Implantable Pulse Generator Site May Be Associated With Spinal Cord Stimulation Revision Surgeries

BackgroundThe use of implantable pulse generators (IPG) for spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in patients with chronic pain has been well established. Although IPG-related complications have been reported on, the association between IPG site and SCS complications has not been well studied.ObjectiveTo investigate whether IPG placement site in buttock or flank is associated with SCS complications and, hence, revision surgeries.MethodA retrospective cohort study was performed that included 330 patients (52% female) treated at a single institution who underwent permanent implantation of an SCS system between 2014 and 2018. Patients ranged between 20 and 94 years of age (mean: 57.54 ± 13.25). Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics. Tests included independent samples t test, chi-square test, Mann–Whitney U test, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and logistic regression.ResultsThere was a total of 93 revision surgeries (rate of 28%), where 71 out of 330 patients (rate of 21.5%) had had at least one revision surgery. Univariate tests demonstrated a significant association between IPG site and revision surgeries (p = 0.028 [chi-square test] and p = 0.031 [Mann–Whitney U test]); however, multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that neither IPG site was more likely than the other to require revision surgeries (p = 0.286).ConclusionAlthough this study found a significant association between IPG site and revision surgeries, the effect of IPG site was not found to be predictive. The IPG site likely influences whether a patient will require revision surgery, but further investigation is required to establish this association.     

不同剂量羟考酮PCEA与PCIA用于前列腺术后镇痛效果比较

【摘要】 目的 探讨不同剂量羟考酮通过患者硬膜外自控镇痛（PCEA）与患者静脉自控镇痛（PCIA）用于前列腺术后的镇痛效果。 方法 选取在2018年1月~2020年1月期间于我院行前列腺术的210例患者，采用随机数字表法将患者分成A1、A2、A3、B1、B2、B3 6组，每组各35例。其中A1、A2、A3组术后镇痛采用PCIA方案，分别使用0.6mg/kg、0.8mg/kg、1.0mg/kg的羟考酮+托烷司琼10mg+0.9%氯化钠溶液至100mL；B1、B2、B3术后镇痛采取PCEA方案，分别使用0.6mg/kg、0.8mg/kg、1.0mg/kg的羟考酮+托烷司琼10mg+0.9%氯化钠溶液至100mL。比较手术前（T0）、术后6h(T1)、术后12h(T2)、术后24h(T3)及术后48h(T4)6组患者的生命体征、视觉疼痛模拟评分（VAS）及不良反应的发生情况。 结果 各组患者在不同时间点的MAP、HR及SPO2的水平比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。B1、B2、B3组患者分别在T1、T2、T3、T4时间的VAS评分显著低于A1、A2、A3组（均P＜0.05），A2、A3组患者分别在T1、T2、T3、T4时间的VAS评分显著低于A1组（均P＜0.05），B2、B3组患者分别在T1、T2、T3、T4时间的VAS评分显著低于B1组（均P＜0.05）。B1、B2、B3不良反应的发生率分别显著低于A1、A2、A3组（均P＜0.05）。B1、B2不良反应的发生率显著低于A2、A3组（P＜0.05），且A3组不良反应的发生率显著高于A1、A2，B3组的不良反应的发生率显著高于B1、B2组（均P＜0.05）。 结论 对前列腺手术患者术后，不同剂量羟考酮PCEA的镇痛效果及不良反应发生率均显著优于不同剂量羟考酮的PCIA，且当羟考酮的剂量为0.8mg/kg时，效果最佳。     

A multi-institutional analysis of Textbook Outcomes among patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal surface malignancies

BackgroundWhile recent studies have introduced the composite measure of a textbook outcome (TO) for measuring postoperative outcomes, the incidence of a TO has not been characterized among patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for peritoneal surface malignancies (PSM).Study designAll patients who underwent CRS ± hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) between 1999 and 2017 from 12 institutions were included. A TO was defined as the absence of any of the following criteria: completeness of cytoreduction >1, reoperation within 90-days, readmission within 90-days, mortality within 90-days, any grade ≥2 complication, hospital stay >75th percentile, and non-home discharge.ResultsAmong 1904 patients who underwent CRS, only 30.9% achieved a TO while 69.1% failed to achieve a TO most commonly because of postoperative complications. On multivariable analysis, factors associated with achieving a TO were age <65 years (OR: 1.5), albumin ≥3.5 g/dl (OR: 5.7), receipt of HIPEC (OR: 4.5), PCI ≤14 (OR: 2.2), intravenous fluid volume ≤10,000 ml (OR: 2.1), blood loss ≤1000 ml (OR: 4.2) and operative time <7 h (OR: 1.9); while receipt of neoadjuvant therapy (OR: 0.7) and liver resection (OR: 0.4) were associated with not achieving a TO (all p < 0.05). TO was associated with improved overall survival (median 159 months vs 56 months, p < 0.01) even after controlling for confounders on Cox regression (hazard ratio: 2.5, p < 0.01).ConclusionAmong patients undergoing CRS ± HIPEC for PSM, failure to achieve a TO is common and independently associated with worse overall survival.     

Intraoperative thalamocortical tract monitoring via direct cortical recordings during craniotomy

ObjectiveNeuromonitoring of primary motor regions allows preservation of motor strength and is frequently employed during cranial procedures. Less is known about protection of sensory function and ability to modulate movements, both of which rely on integrity of thalamocortical afferents (TCA) to fronto-parietal regions. We describe our experience with TCA monitoring and their cortical relays during brain tumor surgery.MethodologyTo study its feasibility and usefulness, continuous somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) recording via a subdural electrode was attempted in 32 consecutive patients.ResultsMedian and posterior tibial SSEP were successfully monitored in 31 and 17 patients respectively. SSEP improved lesion localization and prevented unnecessary cortical stimulation in 9 and 16 cases respectively. A threshold of ≥30% SSEP amplitude decrease influenced management in 10 patients while a decrement of ≥50 % had a sensitivity of 0.89 and specificity of 1 in detecting worsening of sensory function. Simultaneous motor evoked potentials (MEP) and SSEP monitoring were performed in 10 cases, 9 of which showed short-lived fluctuations of the former.ConclusionDirect cortical SSEP monitoring is feasible, informs management and predicts outcome.SignificanceEarly intervention prevents sensory deficit. Concomitant MEP fluctuations may reflect modulation of motor activity by TCA.     

胸腔镜根治术对老年食管癌患者术后肺部感染与呼吸功能及炎症因子的影响

目的探讨胸腔镜根治术对老年食管癌患者术后肺部感染与呼吸功能及炎症因子的影响。方法选择100例行手术治疗的食管癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据手术方法分为胸腔镜组60例与开胸组40例。比较2组术后肺功能、外周炎症因子水平以及肺部感染发生率。结果(1)2组术后24 h外周血炎症因子IL-6、IL-8、IL-10以及TNF-α均显著升高(P<0.05),但开胸组显著高于胸腔镜组(P<0.05);术后1周,2组外周血炎症因子水平均显著下降,2组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)术后1个月,开胸组患者FEV1、FEV1/FVC FVC均显著低于胸腔镜组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)术后3天开胸组CRP水平、WBC水平、体温以及呼吸频率均显著高于胸腔镜组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)胸腔镜组术后无肺部感染,开胸组有4例(10.0%)发生肺部感染,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与传统开胸手术比较,胸腔镜食管癌根治术对老年患者呼吸功能、外周血炎症因子的影响相对较小,术后患者肺部感染发生率更低。